Quite how important the Rosenbergs themselves were in this network is a matter of debate, particularly Ethel. They oversaw an espionage network that included Ethel’s brother and their main source was Klaus Fuchs, the German-born British scientist who handed over large amounts of scientific and technical intelligence on the atom bomb to the Russians. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were an American husband-and-wife team involved in passing on information regarding the Manhattan Project, the codename given to the construction of the atomic bomb during World War II.
He was rescued in dramatic fashion two months later, hidden in the boot of a specially modified car and smuggled to Finland.
In 1985, he was summoned to Moscow, where he was drugged and interrogated. He became KGB resident (top officer) at the London embassy and provided masses of intelligence on Britons spying for the Soviets, as well as on increasing paranoia in the Kremlin about a nuclear attack. Recruited by MI6 in the mid-1970s when stationed in Denmark, he was a patriotic Russian who despised the Soviet system. Gordievsky was probably Britain’s most important spy. His espionage career only lasted a few years before he was caught and executed, but in that time he played a pivotal role in the way that US President John F Kennedy dealt with the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, providing reams of data on the technical aspects of the missiles that had been placed on Cuba, as well as describing how the Soviet Premier, Nikita Khrushchev, based his aggression on bluff. Quite uniquely, he was jointly ‘run’ by both MI6 and the CIA. He became upset at not being promoted – feeling that he should be a general – so offered his services to the West. Penkovsky was a colonel in the Soviet military intelligence organisation, the GRU.
#Espionage cold war trial
Following her retirement, Park was made a baroness.įate: Quietly executed after a public trial She spent her whole career there, serving overseas in a number of different embassies, including those in Moscow and Hanoi, Vietnam, acting as a diplomat.Įarning the nickname, the ‘Queen of Spies’, her remarkable espionage career was all the more important as she was the first female ‘controller’ – one of the top directors – in MI6, at a time when gender imbalance was strong within the organisation. Park worked in British intelligence during World War II, going on to join MI6 in 1948. His most important information was on the continued Soviet efforts to penetrate the American and British nuclear weapons programme. A few days after the end of World War II, he offered his services to Canadian intelligence and would subsequently defect to the West. He became disillusioned with the Soviet system and the fact that his family was being recalled back to Moscow. Gouzenko was a cipher clerk at the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa. Information was a vital weapon in the Cold War, and these men and women – whether motivated by ideological beliefs or money – were on the front line Who were the super spies on both sides of the Cold War?
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